![]() However, for the purpose of the current Chapter, physical activity self-efficacy will be exclusively reviewed. Notably, self-efficacy can be developed for a variety of human behaviors. Studies indicate that increased self-efficacy may positively impact an individual’s motivation to participate in a particular behavior, the performance achievements gained from participation in said behavior, and overall well-being (Bandura, 1994). Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s beliefs that s/he will be successful in performing a specific behavior, whereas self-confidence refers to a more global sense of personal worth. Physical Activity Self-Efficacy: Self-efficacy is defined as the belief that one has the ability to initiate or sustain a desired behavior (Bandura, 1994). Strategies which may assist an individual in overcoming physical activity barriers– thus, facilitating successful progression through the TTM stages of change – include increasing self-efficacy for physical activity, and engaging in effective goal-setting. Creating Healthy Physical Activity Habits: Increasing Self-Efficacy and Goal-Setting The image above depicts the five stages of the TTM in detail. Perhaps the student has progressed to a fitness level where s/he may target an advanced goal (for example: completing a 5K race), and therefore s/he may cycle through the TTM stages again with this new goal in mind.
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